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What are Emotions?
Neuropsychologists view emotion, the cognitive interpretation of subjective feelings, as an inferred behavioural state called affect, a conscious, subjective feeling about a stimulus, independent of where or what it is. Affective behaviour is internal and subjective. Most psychological theories rank emotions along two dimensions labelled by such dichotomies as pleasant/unpleasant, arousing/not arousing, or rewards/punishers. Regardless of the words we use, these positive and negative aspects distinguish emotion from other neuropsychological processes.
Components of Emotions:-
Psychophysiology- Physiological components include central and autonomic nervous system activity and the resulting changes in neurohormonal and visceral (somatic) activity. Emotion changes heart rate, blood pressure, distribution of blood flow, perspiration, and the digestive system, among others, as well as the release of hormones that may affect the brain or the ANS
Distinctive motor behaviour. Facial expression, tone of voice, and posture all express emotional states. These motor behaviours are especially important to observing emotion because they convey overt action that can differ from observed verbal behaviour. Our perception of a person who says that he is fine but is sobbing uncontrollably is different from our perception of the same person when he is smiling.
Self-reported cognition. Cognitive processes are inferred from self reports. Cognition operates in the realm of both subjective emotional feelings (feeling love or hate, feeling loved or hated) and other cognitive processes (plans, memories, or ideas).
Unconscious behaviour. This component incorporates von Helmholtz’s unconscious inference—cognitive processes of which we are not aware that influence behaviour. We may make decisions on the basis of “intuition” or a hunch or other apparently unfounded bases.
What are the different types of emotions?
There are many different types of emotions that have an influence on how we live and interact with others
The choices we make, the actions we take, and the perceptions we have are all influenced by the emotions we are experiencing at any given moment.
Types of emotions:-
How to help your child to identify their emotions:
Sometimes feelings can be hard to identify. Tune into your child’s feelings by looking at their body language, listening to what they’re saying and observing their behaviour. Figuring out what they feel and why means you can help them identify, express and manage those feelings better.
Behind every behaviour is a feeling - Try to understand the meaning and feeling behind your child’s behaviour. You can help your child find other ways to express that feeling once you know what is driving the behaviour.
Name the feeling - Help your child name their feelings by giving them a label. Naming feelings is the first step in helping kids learn to identify them. It allows your child to develop an emotional vocabulary so they can talk about their feelings.
Be a role model - Kids learn about feelings and how to express them appropriately by watching others. Show your child how you’re feeling about different situations and how you deal with those feelings.
Listen to your child’s feelings - Stay present and resist the urge to make your child’s bad feelings go away. Support your child to identify and express their feelings so they are heard. When feelings are minimized or dismissed, they will often be expressed in unhealthy ways.
What is Emotional Intelligence?
Emotional intelligence (EI) is most often defined as the ability to perceive, use, understand, manage, and handle emotions. People with high emotional intelligence can recognize their own emotions and those of others, use emotional information to guide thinking and behaviour, discern between different feelings and label them appropriately, and adjust emotions to adapt to environments.
What are the effects of emotions on our memory: